Pesarakloo M, Karim Ava A, Bayani AA. A Comparative Analysis of Academic Achievement in Single-Grade and Multi-Grade Classes: A Case Study of Primary Schools in Golestan Province. APES. Published online October 1, 2025:1-13. Accessed October 4, 2025. https://www.journalapes.com/index.php/apes/article/view/122